There is a ton of research stating that people with dyslexia have deficits in the phonological component of language. The phonological component of language is the ability to manipulate sounds within words. This is not the same thing as phonics. The staircase to success image below illustrates the hierarchy of these skills which begins with separating words into syllables and ends with manipulating individual phonemes within words. Many scientists have studied how to best teach these skills to children. Evidence supports a multi-sensory, structured, systematic approach. This type of instruction should occur for all students, regardless of ability, from kindergarten through second grade. The Florida Center for Reading Research is a great source for researching the effectiveness of such programs.